Hardware Vulnerabilities

Find below the current list of vulnerabilities relating to hardware security issues.

We try to update our records regularly to ensure the most current security insights. If you’re aware of a vulnerability that’s not listed, or that it was improperly classified as hardware issue, please let us know through the About form.

Refer to Sources page for more information about how the information gathering is done.

CVE-2024-33657

This SMM vulnerability affects certain modules, allowing privileged attackers to execute arbitrary code, manipulate stack memory, and leak information from SMRAM to kernel space, potentially leading to denial-of-service attacks.

CVE-2024-25939

Mirrored regions with different values in 3rd Generation Intel(R) Xeon(R) Scalable Processors may allow a privileged user to potentially enable denial of service via local access.

CVE-2024-24968

Improper finite state machines (FSMs) in hardware logic in some Intel(R) Processors may allow an privileged user to potentially enable a denial of service via local access.

CVE-2024-23984

Observable discrepancy in RAPL interface for some Intel(R) Processors may allow a privileged user to potentially enable information disclosure via local access.

CVE-2024-21823

Hardware logic with insecure de-synchronization in Intel(R) DSA and Intel(R) IAA for some Intel(R) 4th or 5th generation Xeon(R) processors may allow an authorized user to potentially enable escalation of privilege local access

CVE-2024-4760

A voltage glitch during the startup of EEFC NVM controllers on Microchip SAM E70/S70/V70/V71 microcontrollers allows access to the memory bus via the debug interface even if the security bit is set.

CVE-2024-2193

A Speculative Race Condition (SRC) vulnerability that impacts modern CPU architectures supporting speculative execution (related to Spectre V1) has been disclosed. An unauthenticated attacker can exploit this vulnerability to disclose arbitrary data from the CPU using race conditions to access the speculative executable code paths.

CVE-2024-0160

Dell Client Platform contains an incorrect authorization vulnerability. An attacker with physical access to the system could potentially exploit this vulnerability by bypassing BIOS authorization to modify settings in the BIOS.

CVE-2023-46841

Recent x86 CPUs offer functionality named Control-flow Enforcement Technology (CET). A sub-feature of this are Shadow Stacks (CET-SS). CET-SS is a hardware feature designed to protect against Return Oriented Programming attacks. When enabled, traditional stacks holding both data and return addresses are accompanied by so called "shadow stacks", holding little more than return addresses. Shadow stacks aren't writable by normal instructions, and upon function returns their contents are used to check for possible manipulation of a return address coming from the traditional stack. In particular certain memory accesses need intercepting by Xen. In various cases the necessary emulation involves kind of replaying of the instruction. Such replaying typically involves filling and then invoking of a stub. Such a replayed instruction may raise an exceptions, which is expected and dealt with accordingly. Unfortunately the interaction of both of the above wasn't right: Recovery involves removal of a call frame from the (traditional) stack. The counterpart of this operation for the shadow stack was missing.

CVE-2023-32666

On-chip debug and test interface with improper access control in some 4th Generation Intel(R) Xeon(R) Processors when using Intel(R) SGX or Intel(R) TDX may allow a privileged user to potentially enable escalation of privilege via local access.

CVE-2023-28746

Information exposure through microarchitectural state after transient execution from some register files for some Intel(R) Atom(R) Processors may allow an authenticated user to potentially enable information disclosure via local access.

CVE-2023-20592

Improper or unexpected behavior of the INVD instruction in some AMD CPUs may allow an attacker with a malicious hypervisor to affect cache line write-back behavior of the CPU leading to a potential loss of guest virtual machine (VM) memory integrity.

CVE-2023-20589

An attacker with specialized hardware and physical access to an impacted device may be able to perform a voltage fault injection attack resulting in compromise of the ASP secure boot potentially leading to arbitrary code execution. 

CVE-2023-20588

A division-by-zero error on some AMD processors can potentially return speculative data resulting in loss of confidentiality. 

CVE-2023-20583

A potential power side-channel vulnerability in AMD processors may allow an authenticated attacker to monitor the CPU power consumption as the data in a cache line changes over time potentially resulting in a leak of sensitive information.

CVE-2023-20575

A potential power side-channel vulnerability in some AMD processors may allow an authenticated attacker to use the power reporting functionality to monitor a program’s execution inside an AMD SEV VM potentially resulting in a leak of sensitive information.

CVE-2023-20569

A side channel vulnerability on some of the AMD CPUs may allow an attacker to influence the return address prediction. This may result in speculative execution at an attacker-controlled?address, potentially leading to information disclosure.

CVE-2023-3006

A known cache speculation vulnerability, known as Branch History Injection (BHI) or Spectre-BHB, becomes actual again for the new hw AmpereOne. Spectre-BHB is similar to Spectre v2, except that malicious code uses the shared branch history (stored in the CPU Branch History Buffer, or BHB) to influence mispredicted branches within the victim's hardware context. Once that occurs, speculation caused by the mispredicted branches can cause cache allocation. This issue leads to obtaining information that should not be accessible.

CVE-2022-42331

x86: speculative vulnerability in 32bit SYSCALL path Due to an oversight in the very original Spectre/Meltdown security work (XSA-254), one entrypath performs its speculation-safety actions too late. In some configurations, there is an unprotected RET instruction which can be attacked with a variety of speculative attacks.

CVE-2022-40982

Information exposure through microarchitectural state after transient execution in certain vector execution units for some Intel(R) Processors may allow an authenticated user to potentially enable information disclosure via local access.

CVE-2022-38773

Affected devices do not contain an Immutable Root of Trust in Hardware. With this the integrity of the code executed on the device can not be validated during load-time. An attacker with physical access to the device could use this to replace the boot image of the device and execute arbitrary code.

CVE-2022-38392

Certain 5400 RPM hard drives, for laptops and other PCs in approximately 2005 and later, allow physically proximate attackers to cause a denial of service (device malfunction and system crash) via a resonant-frequency attack with the audio signal from the Rhythm Nation music video. A reported product is Seagate STDT4000100 763649053447.

CVE-2022-35888

Ampere Altra and Ampere Altra Max devices through 2022-07-15 allow attacks via Hertzbleed, which is a power side-channel attack that extracts secret information from the CPU by correlating the power consumption with data being processed on the system.

CVE-2022-32967

RTL8111EP-CG/RTL8111FP-CG DASH function has hard-coded password. An unauthenticated physical attacker can use the hard-coded default password during system reboot triggered by other user, to acquire partial system information such as serial number and server information.

CVE-2022-29900

Mis-trained branch predictions for return instructions may allow arbitrary speculative code execution under certain microarchitecture-dependent conditions.

CVE-2022-27672

When SMT is enabled, certain AMD processors may speculatively execute instructions using a target from the sibling thread after an SMT mode switch potentially resulting in information disclosure.

CVE-2022-26296

BOOM: The Berkeley Out-of-Order RISC-V Processor commit d77c2c3 was discovered to allow unauthorized disclosure of information to an attacker with local user access via a side-channel analysis.

CVE-2022-25368

Spectre BHB is a variant of Spectre-v2 in which malicious code uses the shared branch history (stored in the CPU BHB) to influence mispredicted branches in the victim's hardware context. Speculation caused by these mispredicted branches can then potentially be used to cause cache allocation, which can then be used to infer information that should be protected.

CVE-2022-25333

The Texas Instruments OMAP L138 (secure variants) trusted execution environment (TEE) performs an RSA check implemented in mask ROM when loading a module through the SK_LOAD routine. However, only the module header authenticity is validated. An adversary can re-use any correctly signed header and append a forged payload, to be encrypted using the CEK (obtainable through CVE-2022-25332) in order to obtain arbitrary code execution in secure context. This constitutes a full break of the TEE security architecture.

CVE-2022-24436

Observable behavioral in power management throttling for some Intel(R) Processors may allow an authenticated user to potentially enable information disclosure via network access.

CVE-2022-23960

Certain Arm Cortex and Neoverse processors through 2022-03-08 do not properly restrict cache speculation, aka Spectre-BHB. An attacker can leverage the shared branch history in the Branch History Buffer (BHB) to influence mispredicted branches. Then, cache allocation can allow the attacker to obtain sensitive information.

CVE-2022-0004

Hardware debug modes and processor INIT setting that allow override of locks for some Intel(R) Processors in Intel(R) Boot Guard and Intel(R) TXT may allow an unauthenticated user to potentially enable escalation of privilege via physical access.

CVE-2021-46778

Execution unit scheduler contention may lead to a side channel vulnerability found on AMD CPU microarchitectures codenamed “Zen 1”, “Zen 2” and “Zen 3” that use simultaneous multithreading (SMT). By measuring the contention level on scheduler queues an attacker may potentially leak sensitive information.

CVE-2021-45454

Ampere Altra before SRP 1.08b and Altra Max? before SRP 2.05 allow information disclosure of power telemetry via HWmon.

CVE-2021-44850

On Xilinx Zynq-7000 SoC devices, physical modification of an SD boot image allows for a buffer overflow attack in the ROM. Because the Zynq-7000's boot image header is unencrypted and unauthenticated before use, an attacker can modify the boot header stored on an SD card so that a secure image appears to be unencrypted, and they will be able to modify the full range of register initialization values. Normally, these registers will be restricted when booting securely. Of importance to this attack are two registers that control the SD card's transfer type and transfer size. These registers could be modified a way that causes a buffer overflow in the ROM.

CVE-2021-44149

An issue was discovered in Trusted Firmware OP-TEE Trusted OS through 3.15.0. The OPTEE-OS CSU driver for NXP i.MX6UL SoC devices lacks security access configuration for wakeup-related registers, resulting in TrustZone bypass because the NonSecure World can perform arbitrary memory read/write operations on Secure World memory. This involves a v cycle.

CVE-2021-43327

An issue was discovered on Renesas RX65 and RX65N devices. With a VCC glitch, an attacker can extract the security ID key from the device. Then, the protected firmware can be extracted.

CVE-2021-42114

Modern DRAM devices (PC-DDR4, LPDDR4X) are affected by a vulnerability in their internal Target Row Refresh (TRR) mitigation against Rowhammer attacks. Novel non-uniform Rowhammer access patterns, consisting of aggressors with different frequencies, phases, and amplitudes allow triggering bit flips on affected memory modules using our Blacksmith fuzzer. The patterns generated by Blacksmith were able to trigger bitflips on all 40 PC-DDR4 DRAM devices in our test pool, which cover the three major DRAM manufacturers: Samsung, SK Hynix, and Micron. This means that, even when chips advertised as Rowhammer-free are used, attackers may still be able to exploit Rowhammer. For example, this enables privilege-escalation attacks against the kernel or binaries such as the sudo binary, and also triggering bit flips in RSA-2048 keys (e.g., SSH keys) to gain cross-tenant virtual-machine access. We can confirm that DRAM devices acquired in July 2020 with DRAM chips from all three major DRAM vendors (Samsung, SK Hynix, Micron) are affected by this vulnerability. For more details, please refer to our publication.

CVE-2021-41614

An issue was discovered in the controller unit of the OpenRISC mor1kx processor. The read/write access permissions to the Exception Program Counter Register (EPCR) are not implemented correctly. User programs from an unauthorized privilege level can make read/write accesses to EPCR.

CVE-2021-41613

An issue was discovered in the controller unit of the OpenRISC mor1kx processor. The write logic of Exception Effective Address Register (EEAR) is not implemented correctly. User programs from authorized privilege levels will be unable to write to EEAR.

CVE-2021-41612

An issue was discovered in the ALU unit of the OpenRISC mor1kx processor. The carry flag is not being updated correctly for the subtract instruction, which results in an incorrect value of the carry flag. Any software that relies on this flag may experience corruption in execution.

CVE-2021-40507

An issue was discovered in the ALU unit of the OR1200 (aka OpenRISC 1200) processor 2011-09-10 through 2015-11-11. The overflow flag is not being updated correctly for the subtract instruction, which results in an incorrect value in the overflow flag. Any software that relies on this flag may experience corruption in execution.

CVE-2021-38394

An attacker with physical access to the device can extract the binary that checks for the hardware key and reverse engineer it, which could be used to create a physical duplicate of a valid hardware key. The hardware key allows access to special settings when inserted.

CVE-2021-37001

There is a Register tampering vulnerability in Huawei Smartphone.Successful exploitation of this vulnerability may allow the register value to be modified.

CVE-2021-35465

Certain Arm products before 2021-08-23 do not properly consider the effect of exceptions on a VLLDM instruction. A Non-secure handler may have read or write access to part of a Secure context. This affects Arm Cortex-M33 r0p0 through r1p0, Arm Cortex-M35P r0, Arm Cortex-M55 r0p0 through r1p0, and Arm China STAR-MC1 (in the STAR SE configuration).

CVE-2021-35122

Non-secure region can try modifying RG permissions of IO space xPUs due to improper input validation in Snapdragon Auto, Snapdragon Compute, Snapdragon Connectivity, Snapdragon Consumer IOT, Snapdragon Industrial IOT, Snapdragon Mobile, Snapdragon Wearables

CVE-2021-35080

Disabled SMMU from secure side while RPM is assigned a secure stream can lead to information disclosure in Snapdragon Industrial IOT, Snapdragon Mobile, Snapdragon Wearables

CVE-2021-35070

RPM secure Stream can access any secure resource due to improper SMMU configuration and can lead to information disclosure in Snapdragon Industrial IOT, Snapdragon Mobile

CVE-2021-34387

The ARM TrustZone Technology on which Trusty is based on contains a vulnerability in access permission settings where the portion of the DRAM reserved for TrustZone is identity-mapped by TLK with read, write, and execute permissions, which gives write access to kernel code and data that is otherwise mapped read only.

CVE-2021-31532

NXP LPC55S6x microcontrollers (0A and 1B), i.MX RT500 (silicon rev B1 and B2), i.MX RT600 (silicon rev A0, B0), LPC55S6x, LPC55S2x, LPC552x (silicon rev 0A, 1B), LPC55S1x, LPC551x (silicon rev 0A) and LPC55S0x, LPC550x (silicon rev 0A) include an undocumented ROM patch peripheral that allows unsigned, non-persistent modification of the internal ROM.

CVE-2021-30784

Multiple issues were addressed with improved logic. This issue is fixed in macOS Big Sur 11.5. A local attacker may be able to execute code on the Apple T2 Security Chip.

CVE-2021-30346

RPM secure Stream can access any secure resource due to improper SMMU configuration in Snapdragon Industrial IOT, Snapdragon Mobile, Snapdragon Wearables, Snapdragon Wired Infrastructure and Networking

CVE-2021-30345

RPM secure Stream can access any secure resource due to improper SMMU configuration in Snapdragon Industrial IOT, Snapdragon Mobile, Snapdragon Wearables, Snapdragon Wired Infrastructure and Networking

CVE-2021-30283

Possible denial of service due to improper handling of debug register trap from user applications in Snapdragon Consumer IOT, Snapdragon Industrial IOT, Snapdragon Mobile

CVE-2021-27208

When booting a Zync-7000 SOC device from nand flash memory, the nand driver in the ROM does not validate the inputs when reading in any parameters in the nand’s parameter page. IF a field read in from the parameter page is too large, this causes a buffer overflow that could lead to arbitrary code execution. Physical access and modification of the board assembly on which the Zynq-7000 SoC device mounted is needed to replace the original NAND flash memory with a NAND flash emulation device for this attack to be successful.

CVE-2021-26400

AMD processors may speculatively re-order load instructions which can result in stale data being observed when multiple processors are operating on shared memory, resulting in potential data leakage.

CVE-2021-26352

Insufficient bound checks in System Management Unit (SMU) PCIe Hot Plug table may result in access/updates from/to invalid address space that could result in denial of service.

CVE-2021-26341

Some AMD CPUs may transiently execute beyond unconditional direct branches, which may potentially result in data leakage.

CVE-2021-26318

A timing and power-based side channel attack leveraging the x86 PREFETCH instructions on some AMD CPUs could potentially result in leaked kernel address space information.

CVE-2021-23219

NVIDIA GPU and Tegra hardware contain a vulnerability in the internal microcontroller, which may allow a user with elevated privileges to access protected information by identifying, exploiting, and loading vulnerable microcode. Such an attack may lead to information disclosure.

CVE-2021-23201

NVIDIA GPU and Tegra hardware contain a vulnerability in an internal microcontroller, which may allow a user with elevated privileges to generate valid microcode by identifying, exploiting, and loading vulnerable microcode. Such an attack could lead to information disclosure, data corruption, or denial of service of the device. The scope may extend to other components.

CVE-2021-3453

Some Lenovo Notebook, ThinkPad, and Lenovo Desktop systems have BIOS modules unprotected by Intel Boot Guard that could allow an attacker with physical access the ability to write to the SPI flash storage.

CVE-2021-1924

Information disclosure through timing and power side-channels during mod exponentiation for RSA-CRT in Snapdragon Auto, Snapdragon Compute, Snapdragon Connectivity, Snapdragon Consumer Electronics Connectivity, Snapdragon Consumer IOT, Snapdragon Industrial IOT, Snapdragon IoT, Snapdragon Voice & Music, Snapdragon Wearables, Snapdragon Wired Infrastructure and Networking

CVE-2021-1890

Improper length check of public exponent in RSA import key function could cause memory corruption. in Snapdragon Auto, Snapdragon Compute, Snapdragon Connectivity, Snapdragon Consumer IOT, Snapdragon Industrial IOT, Snapdragon IoT, Snapdragon Voice & Music, Snapdragon Wearables

CVE-2021-1104

The RISC-V Instruction Set Manual contains a documented ambiguity for the Machine Trap Vector Base Address (MTVEC) register that may lead to a vulnerability due to the initial state of the register not being defined, potentially leading to information disclosure, data tampering and denial of service.

CVE-2020-27777

A flaw was found in the way RTAS handled memory accesses in userspace to kernel communication. On a locked down (usually due to Secure Boot) guest system running on top of PowerVM or KVM hypervisors (pseries platform) a root like local user could use this flaw to further increase their privileges to that of a running kernel.

CVE-2020-27211

Nordic Semiconductor nRF52840 devices through 2020-10-19 have improper protection against physical side channels. The flash read-out protection (APPROTECT) can be bypassed by injecting a fault during the boot phase.

CVE-2020-27208

The flash read-out protection (RDP) level is not enforced during the device initialization phase of the SoloKeys Solo 4.0.0 & Somu and the Nitrokey FIDO2 token. This allows an adversary to downgrade the RDP level and access secrets such as private ECC keys from SRAM via the debug interface.

CVE-2020-24513

Domain-bypass transient execution vulnerability in some Intel Atom(R) Processors may allow an authenticated user to potentially enable information disclosure via local access.

CVE-2020-15483

An issue was discovered on Nescomed Multipara Monitor M1000 devices. The physical UART debug port provides a shell, without requiring a password, with complete access.

CVE-2020-13844

Arm Armv8-A core implementations utilizing speculative execution past unconditional changes in control flow may allow unauthorized disclosure of information to an attacker with local user access via a side-channel analysis, aka "straight-line speculation."

CVE-2020-13472

The flash memory readout protection in Gigadevice GD32F103 devices allows physical attackers to extract firmware via the debug interface by utilizing the DMA module.

CVE-2020-13470

Gigadevice GD32F103 and GD32F130 devices allow physical attackers to extract data via the probing of easily accessible bonding wires and de-obfuscation of the observed data.

CVE-2020-13469

The flash memory readout protection in Gigadevice GD32VF103 devices allows physical attackers to extract firmware via the debug interface by utilizing the CPU.

CVE-2020-13465

The security protection in Gigadevice GD32F103 devices allows physical attackers to redirect the control flow and execute arbitrary code via the debug interface.

CVE-2020-12961

A potential vulnerability exists in AMD Platform Security Processor (PSP) that may allow an attacker to zero any privileged register on the System Management Network which may lead to bypassing SPI ROM protections.

CVE-2020-12954

A side effect of an integrated chipset option may be able to be used by an attacker to bypass SPI ROM protections, allowing unauthorized SPI ROM modification.

CVE-2020-12789

The Secure Monitor in Microchip Atmel ATSAMA5 products use a hardcoded key to encrypt and authenticate secure applets.

CVE-2020-12788

CMAC verification functionality in Microchip Atmel ATSAMA5 products is vulnerable to vulnerable to timing and power analysis attacks.

CVE-2020-12289

Out-of-bounds write in some Intel(R) Thunderbolt(TM) controllers may allow an authenticated user to potentially enable denial of service via local access.

CVE-2020-11270

Possible denial of service due to RTT responder consistently rejects all FTMR by transmitting FTM1 with failure status in the FTM parameter IE in Snapdragon Auto, Snapdragon Compute, Snapdragon Connectivity, Snapdragon Consumer Electronics Connectivity, Snapdragon Consumer IOT, Snapdragon Industrial IOT, Snapdragon Mobile, Snapdragon Voice & Music, Snapdragon Wired Infrastructure and Networking

CVE-2020-11210

Possible memory corruption in RPM region due to improper XPU configuration in Snapdragon Connectivity, Snapdragon Industrial IOT, Snapdragon Mobile, Snapdragon Wired Infrastructure and Networking

CVE-2020-9285

Some versions of Sonos One (1st and 2nd generation) allow partial or full memory access via attacker controlled hardware that can be attached to the Mini-PCI Express slot on the motherboard that hosts the WiFi card on the device.

CVE-2020-9057

Z-Wave devices based on Silicon Labs 100, 200, and 300 series chipsets do not support encryption, allowing an attacker within radio range to take control of or cause a denial of service to a vulnerable device. An attacker can also capture and replay Z-Wave traffic. Firmware upgrades cannot directly address this vulnerability as it is an issue with the Z-Wave specification for these legacy chipsets. One way to protect against this vulnerability is to use 500 or 700 series chipsets that support Security 2 (S2) encryption. As examples, the Linear WADWAZ-1 version 3.43 and WAPIRZ-1 version 3.43 (with 300 series chipsets) are vulnerable.

CVE-2020-8705

Insecure default initialization of resource in Intel(R) Boot Guard in Intel(R) CSME versions before 11.8.80, 11.12.80, 11.22.80, 12.0.70, 13.0.40, 13.30.10, 14.0.45 and 14.5.25, Intel(R) TXE versions before 3.1.80 and 4.0.30, Intel(R) SPS versions before E5_04.01.04.400, E3_04.01.04.200, SoC-X_04.00.04.200 and SoC-A_04.00.04.300 may allow an unauthenticated user to potentially enable escalation of privileges via physical access.

CVE-2020-7207

A local elevation of privilege using physical access security vulnerability was found in HPE Proliant Gen10 Servers using Intel Innovation Engine (IE). This attack requires a physical attack to the server motherboard. To mitigate this issue, ensure your server is always physically secured. HPE will not address this issue in the impacted Gen 10 servers listed. HPE recommends using appropriate physical security methods as a compensating control to disallow an attacker from having physical access to the server main circuit board.

CVE-2020-6616

Some Broadcom chips mishandle Bluetooth random-number generation because a low-entropy Pseudo Random Number Generator (PRNG) is used in situations where a Hardware Random Number Generator (HRNG) should have been used to prevent spoofing. This affects, for example, Samsung Galaxy S8, S8+, and Note8 devices with the BCM4361 chipset. The Samsung ID is SVE-2020-16882 (May 2020).

CVE-2020-1459

An information disclosure vulnerability exists on ARM implementations that use speculative execution in control flow via a side-channel analysis, aka "straight-line speculation." To exploit this vulnerability, an attacker with local privileges would need to run a specially crafted application. The security update addresses the vulnerability by bypassing the speculative execution.

CVE-2020-0955

An information disclosure vulnerability exists when certain central processing units (CPU) speculatively access memory, aka 'Windows Kernel Information Disclosure in CPU Memory Access'.

CVE-2020-0551

Load value injection in some Intel(R) Processors utilizing speculative execution may allow an authenticated user to potentially enable information disclosure via a side channel with local access. The list of affected products is provided in intel-sa-00334: https://www.intel.com/content/www/us/en/security-center/advisory/intel-sa-00334.html

CVE-2020-0550

Improper data forwarding in some data cache for some Intel(R) Processors may allow an authenticated user to potentially enable information disclosure via local access. The list of affected products is provided in intel-sa-00330: https://www.intel.com/content/www/us/en/security-center/advisory/intel-sa-00330.html

CVE-2019-19561

A misconfiguration in the debug interface in Mercedes-Benz HERMES 1.5 allows an attacker with direct physical access to device hardware to obtain cellular modem information.

CVE-2019-19557

A misconfiguration in the debug interface in Mercedes-Benz HERMES 1 allows an attacker with direct physical access to device hardware to obtain cellular modem information.

CVE-2019-19556

An authentication bypass in the debug interface in Mercedes-Benz HERMES 1 allows an attacker with physical access to device hardware to obtain system information.

CVE-2019-19339

It was found that the Red Hat Enterprise Linux 8 kpatch update did not include the complete fix for CVE-2018-12207. A flaw was found in the way Intel CPUs handle inconsistency between, virtual to physical memory address translations in CPU's local cache and system software's Paging structure entries. A privileged guest user may use this flaw to induce a hardware Machine Check Error on the host processor, resulting in a severe DoS scenario by halting the processor. System software like OS OR Virtual Machine Monitor (VMM) use virtual memory system for storing program instructions and data in memory. Virtual Memory system uses Paging structures like Page Tables and Page Directories to manage system memory. The processor's Memory Management Unit (MMU) uses Paging structure entries to translate program's virtual memory addresses to physical memory addresses. The processor stores these address translations into its local cache buffer called - Translation Lookaside Buffer (TLB). TLB has two parts, one for instructions and other for data addresses. System software can modify its Paging structure entries to change address mappings OR certain attributes like page size etc. Upon such Paging structure alterations in memory, system software must invalidate the corresponding address translations in the processor's TLB cache. But before this TLB invalidation takes place, a privileged guest user may trigger an instruction fetch operation, which could use an already cached, but now invalid, virtual to physical address translation from Instruction TLB (ITLB). Thus accessing an invalid physical memory address and resulting in halting the processor due to the Machine Check Error (MCE) on Page Size Change.

CVE-2019-17391

An issue was discovered in the Espressif ESP32 mask ROM code 2016-06-08 0 through 2. Lack of anti-glitch mitigations in the first stage bootloader of the ESP32 chip allows an attacker (with physical access to the device) to read the contents of read-protected eFuses, such as flash encryption and secure boot keys, by injecting a glitch into the power supply of the chip shortly after reset.

CVE-2019-14354

On Ledger Nano S and Nano X devices, a side channel for the row-based OLED display was found. The power consumption of each row-based display cycle depends on the number of illuminated pixels, allowing a partial recovery of display contents. For example, a hardware implant in the USB cable might be able to leverage this behavior to recover confidential secrets such as the PIN and BIP39 mnemonic. In other words, the side channel is relevant only if the attacker has enough control over the device's USB connection to make power-consumption measurements at a time when secret data is displayed. The side channel is not relevant in other circumstances, such as a stolen device that is not currently displaying secret data.

CVE-2019-11135

TSX Asynchronous Abort condition on some CPUs utilizing speculative execution may allow an authenticated user to potentially enable information disclosure via a side channel with local access.

CVE-2019-11091

Microarchitectural Data Sampling Uncacheable Memory (MDSUM): Uncacheable memory on some microprocessors utilizing speculative execution may allow an authenticated user to potentially enable information disclosure via a side channel with local access. A list of impacted products can be found here: https://www.intel.com/content/dam/www/public/us/en/documents/corporate-information/SA00233-microcode-update-guidance_05132019.pdf

CVE-2019-10636

Marvell SSD Controller (88SS1074, 88SS1079, 88SS1080, 88SS1093, 88SS1092, 88SS1095, 88SS9174, 88SS9175, 88SS9187, 88SS9188, 88SS9189, 88SS9190, 88SS1085, 88SS1087, 88SS1090, 88SS1100, 88SS1084, 88SS1088, & 88SS1098) devices allow reprogramming flash memory to bypass the secure boot protection mechanism.

CVE-2019-10562

u'Improper authentication and signature verification of debug polices in secure boot loader will allow unverified debug policies to be loaded into secure memory and leads to memory corruption' in Snapdragon Auto, Snapdragon Compute, Snapdragon Connectivity, Snapdragon Consumer IOT, Snapdragon Industrial IOT, Snapdragon Mobile, Snapdragon Wired Infrastructure and Networking in IPQ6018, Kamorta, MSM8998, Nicobar, QCS404, QCS605, QCS610, Rennell, SA415M, SA6155P, SC7180, SDA660, SDA845, SDM630, SDM636, SDM660, SDM670, SDM710, SDM845, SDM850, SDX24, SDX55, SM6150, SM7150, SM8150, SM8250, SXR1130, SXR2130

CVE-2019-9836

Secure Encrypted Virtualization (SEV) on Advanced Micro Devices (AMD) Platform Security Processor (PSP; aka AMD Secure Processor or AMD-SP) 0.17 build 11 and earlier has an insecure cryptographic implementation.

CVE-2019-1700

A vulnerability in field-programmable gate array (FPGA) ingress buffer management for the Cisco Firepower 9000 Series with the Cisco Firepower 2-port 100G double-width network module (PID: FPR9K-DNM-2X100G) could allow an unauthenticated, adjacent attacker to cause a denial of service (DoS) condition. Manual intervention may be required before a device will resume normal operations. The vulnerability is due to a logic error in the FPGA related to the processing of different types of input packets. An attacker could exploit this vulnerability by being on the adjacent subnet and sending a crafted sequence of input packets to a specific interface on an affected device. A successful exploit could allow the attacker to cause a queue wedge condition on the interface. When a wedge occurs, the affected device will stop processing any additional packets that are received on the wedged interface. Version 2.2 is affected.

CVE-2019-1649

A vulnerability in the logic that handles access control to one of the hardware components in Cisco's proprietary Secure Boot implementation could allow an authenticated, local attacker to write a modified firmware image to the component. This vulnerability affects multiple Cisco products that support hardware-based Secure Boot functionality. The vulnerability is due to an improper check on the area of code that manages on-premise updates to a Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) part of the Secure Boot hardware implementation. An attacker with elevated privileges and access to the underlying operating system that is running on the affected device could exploit this vulnerability by writing a modified firmware image to the FPGA. A successful exploit could either cause the device to become unusable (and require a hardware replacement) or allow tampering with the Secure Boot verification process, which under some circumstances may allow the attacker to install and boot a malicious software image. An attacker will need to fulfill all the following conditions to attempt to exploit this vulnerability: Have privileged administrative access to the device. Be able to access the underlying operating system running on the device; this can be achieved either by using a supported, documented mechanism or by exploiting another vulnerability that would provide an attacker with such access. Develop or have access to a platform-specific exploit. An attacker attempting to exploit this vulnerability across multiple affected platforms would need to research each one of those platforms and then develop a platform-specific exploit. Although the research process could be reused across different platforms, an exploit developed for a given hardware platform is unlikely to work on a different hardware platform.

CVE-2019-1125

An information disclosure vulnerability exists when certain central processing units (CPU) speculatively access memory, aka 'Windows Kernel Information Disclosure Vulnerability'. This CVE ID is unique from CVE-2019-1071, CVE-2019-1073.

CVE-2019-0184

Insufficient access control in protected memory subsystem for Intel(R) TXT for 6th, 7th, 8th and 9th Generation Intel(R) Core(TM) Processor Families; Intel(R) Xeon(R) Processor E3-1500 v5 and v6 Families; Intel(R) Xeon(R) E-2100 and E-2200 Processor Families with Intel(R) Processor Graphics and Intel(R) TXT may allow a privileged user to potentially enable information disclosure via local access.

CVE-2019-0117

Insufficient access control in protected memory subsystem for Intel(R) SGX for 6th, 7th, 8th, 9th Generation Intel(R) Core(TM) Processor Families; Intel(R) Xeon(R) Processor E3-1500 v5, v6 Families; Intel(R) Xeon(R) E-2100 & E-2200 Processor Families with Intel(R) Processor Graphics may allow a privileged user to potentially enable information disclosure via local access.

CVE-2018-18068

The ARM-based hardware debugging feature on Raspberry Pi 3 module B+ and possibly other devices allows non-secure EL1 code to read/write any EL3 (the highest privilege level in ARMv8) memory/register via inter-processor debugging. With a debug host processor A running in non-secure EL1 and a debug target processor B running in any privilege level, the debugging feature allows A to halt B and promote B to any privilege level. As a debug host, A has full control of B even if B owns a higher privilege level than A. Accordingly, A can read/write any EL3 memory/register via B. Also, with this memory access, A can execute arbitrary code in EL3.

CVE-2018-18056

An issue was discovered in the Texas Instruments (TI) TM4C, MSP432E and MSP432P microcontroller series. The eXecute-Only-Memory (XOM) implementation prevents code read-outs on protected memory by generating bus faults. However, single-stepping and using breakpoints is allowed in XOM-protected flash memory. As a consequence, it is possible to execute single instructions with arbitrary system states (e.g., registers, status flags, and SRAM content) and observe the state changes produced by the unknown instruction. An attacker could exploit this vulnerability by executing protected and unknown instructions with specific system states and observing the state changes. Based on the gathered information, it is possible to reverse-engineer the executed instructions. The processor acts as a kind of "instruction oracle."

CVE-2018-13925

Error in parsing PMT table frees the memory allocated for the map section but does not reset the context map section reference causing heap use after free issue in Snapdragon Auto, Snapdragon Compute, Snapdragon Connectivity, Snapdragon Consumer IOT, Snapdragon Industrial IOT, Snapdragon IoT, Snapdragon Mobile, Snapdragon Wearables in MDM9206, MDM9607, MDM9650, MSM8909W, MSM8996AU, QCS605, Qualcomm 215, SD 210/SD 212/SD 205, SD 425, SD 427, SD 430, SD 435, SD 439 / SD 429, SD 450, SD 600, SD 615/16/SD 415, SD 625, SD 632, SD 636, SD 650/52, SD 712 / SD 710 / SD 670, SD 820, SD 820A, SD 835, SD 845 / SD 850, SD 855, SDA660, SDM439, SDM630, SDM660, SDX20, Snapdragon_High_Med_2016, SXR1130

CVE-2018-12130

Microarchitectural Fill Buffer Data Sampling (MFBDS): Fill buffers on some microprocessors utilizing speculative execution may allow an authenticated user to potentially enable information disclosure via a side channel with local access. A list of impacted products can be found here: https://www.intel.com/content/dam/www/public/us/en/documents/corporate-information/SA00233-microcode-update-guidance_05132019.pdf

CVE-2018-12127

Microarchitectural Load Port Data Sampling (MLPDS): Load ports on some microprocessors utilizing speculative execution may allow an authenticated user to potentially enable information disclosure via a side channel with local access. A list of impacted products can be found here: https://www.intel.com/content/dam/www/public/us/en/documents/corporate-information/SA00233-microcode-update-guidance_05132019.pdf

CVE-2018-12126

Microarchitectural Store Buffer Data Sampling (MSBDS): Store buffers on some microprocessors utilizing speculative execution may allow an authenticated user to potentially enable information disclosure via a side channel with local access. A list of impacted products can be found here: https://www.intel.com/content/dam/www/public/us/en/documents/corporate-information/SA00233-microcode-update-guidance_05132019.pdf

CVE-2018-10229

A hardware vulnerability in GPU memory modules allows attackers to accelerate micro-architectural attacks through the use of the JavaScript WebGL API.

CVE-2018-9085

A write protection lock bit was left unset after boot on an older generation of Lenovo and IBM System x servers, potentially allowing an attacker with administrator access to modify the subset of flash memory containing Intel Server Platform Services (SPS) and the system Flash Descriptors.

CVE-2018-9056

Systems with microprocessors utilizing speculative execution may allow unauthorized disclosure of information to an attacker with local user access via a side-channel attack on the directional branch predictor, as demonstrated by a pattern history table (PHT), aka BranchScope.

CVE-2018-8935

The Promontory chipset, as used in AMD Ryzen and Ryzen Pro platforms, has a backdoor in the ASIC, aka CHIMERA-HW.

CVE-2018-8932

The AMD Ryzen and Ryzen Pro processor chips have insufficient access control for the Secure Processor, aka RYZENFALL-2, RYZENFALL-3, and RYZENFALL-4.

CVE-2018-8931

The AMD Ryzen, Ryzen Pro, and Ryzen Mobile processor chips have insufficient access control for the Secure Processor, aka RYZENFALL-1.

CVE-2018-8930

The AMD EPYC Server, Ryzen, Ryzen Pro, and Ryzen Mobile processor chips have insufficient enforcement of Hardware Validated Boot, aka MASTERKEY-1, MASTERKEY-2, and MASTERKEY-3.

CVE-2018-6242

Some NVIDIA Tegra mobile processors released prior to 2016 contain a buffer overflow vulnerability in BootROM Recovery Mode (RCM). An attacker with physical access to the device's USB and the ability to force the device to reboot into RCM could exploit the vulnerability to execute unverified code.

CVE-2018-6240

NVIDIA Tegra contains a vulnerability in BootRom where a user with kernel level privileges can write an arbitrary value to an arbitrary physical address

CVE-2018-3693

Systems with microprocessors utilizing speculative execution and branch prediction may allow unauthorized disclosure of information to an attacker with local user access via a speculative buffer overflow and side-channel analysis.

CVE-2018-3652

Existing UEFI setting restrictions for DCI (Direct Connect Interface) in 5th and 6th generation Intel Xeon Processor E3 Family, Intel Xeon Scalable processors, and Intel Xeon Processor D Family allows a limited physical presence attacker to potentially access platform secrets via debug interfaces.

CVE-2018-3646

Systems with microprocessors utilizing speculative execution and address translations may allow unauthorized disclosure of information residing in the L1 data cache to an attacker with local user access with guest OS privilege via a terminal page fault and a side-channel analysis.

CVE-2018-3640

Systems with microprocessors utilizing speculative execution and that perform speculative reads of system registers may allow unauthorized disclosure of system parameters to an attacker with local user access via a side-channel analysis, aka Rogue System Register Read (RSRE), Variant 3a.

CVE-2018-3639

Systems with microprocessors utilizing speculative execution and speculative execution of memory reads before the addresses of all prior memory writes are known may allow unauthorized disclosure of information to an attacker with local user access via a side-channel analysis, aka Speculative Store Bypass (SSB), Variant 4.

CVE-2018-3620

Systems with microprocessors utilizing speculative execution and address translations may allow unauthorized disclosure of information residing in the L1 data cache to an attacker with local user access via a terminal page fault and a side-channel analysis.

CVE-2018-3615

Systems with microprocessors utilizing speculative execution and Intel software guard extensions (Intel SGX) may allow unauthorized disclosure of information residing in the L1 data cache from an enclave to an attacker with local user access via a side-channel analysis.

CVE-2017-18347

Incorrect access control in RDP Level 1 on STMicroelectronics STM32F0 series devices allows physically present attackers to extract the device's protected firmware via a special sequence of Serial Wire Debug (SWD) commands because there is a race condition between full initialization of the SWD interface and the setup of flash protection.

CVE-2017-18305

XBL sec mem dump system call allows complete control of EL3 by unlocking all XPUs if enable fuse is not blown in Snapdragon Mobile, Snapdragon Wear in version MDM9206, MDM9607, MDM9650, SD 210/SD 212/SD 205, SD 835.

CVE-2017-18020

On Samsung mobile devices with L(5.x), M(6.x), and N(7.x) software and Exynos chipsets, attackers can execute arbitrary code in the bootloader because S Boot omits a size check during a copy of ramfs data to memory. The Samsung ID is SVE-2017-10598.

CVE-2017-15031

In all versions of ARM Trusted Firmware up to and including v1.4, not initializing or saving/restoring the PMCR_EL0 register can leak secure world timing information.

CVE-2017-9645

An Inadequate Encryption Strength issue was discovered in Mirion Technologies DMC 3000 Transmitter Module, iPam Transmitter f/DMC 2000, RDS-31 iTX and variants (including RSD31-AM Package), DRM-1/2 and variants (including Solar PWR Package), DRM and RDS Based Boundary Monitors, External Transmitters, Telepole II, and MESH Repeater (Telemetry Enabled Devices). Decryption of data is possible at the hardware level.

CVE-2017-5754

Systems with microprocessors utilizing speculative execution and indirect branch prediction may allow unauthorized disclosure of information to an attacker with local user access via a side-channel analysis of the data cache.

CVE-2017-5753

Systems with microprocessors utilizing speculative execution and branch prediction may allow unauthorized disclosure of information to an attacker with local user access via a side-channel analysis.

CVE-2017-5715

Systems with microprocessors utilizing speculative execution and indirect branch prediction may allow unauthorized disclosure of information to an attacker with local user access via a side-channel analysis.

CVE-2017-5691

Incorrect check in Intel processors from 6th and 7th Generation Intel Core Processor Families, Intel Xeon E3-1500M v5 and v6 Product Families, and Intel Xeon E3-1200 v5 and v6 Product Families allows compromised system firmware to impact SGX security via incorrect early system state.

CVE-2015-7269

Seagate ST500LT015 hard disk drives, when operating in eDrive mode on Lenovo ThinkPad W541 laptops with BIOS 2.21, allow physically proximate attackers to bypass self-encrypting drive (SED) protection by attaching a second SATA connector to exposed pins, maintaining an alternate power source, and attaching the data cable to another machine, aka a "Hot Unplug Attack."

CVE-2013-5740

Unspecified vulnerability in the Intel Trusted Execution Technology (TXT) SINIT Authenticated Code Modules (ACM) before 1.2, as used by the Intel QM77, QS77, Q77 Express, C216, Q67 Express, C202, C204, and C206 chipsets and Mobile Intel QM67 and QS67 chipsets, when the measured launch environment (MLE) is invoked, allows local users to bypass the Trusted Execution Technology protection mechanism and perform other unspecified SINIT ACM functions via unspecified vectors.

CVE-2013-5550

The fabric-interconnect component in Cisco Unified Computing System (UCS) allows local users to cause a denial of service via crafted command parameters that trigger hardware-component write operations, aka Bug ID CSCtq86549.

CVE-2010-0928

OpenSSL 0.9.8i on the Gaisler Research LEON3 SoC on the Xilinx Virtex-II Pro FPGA uses a Fixed Width Exponentiation (FWE) algorithm for certain signature calculations, and does not verify the signature before providing it to a caller, which makes it easier for physically proximate attackers to determine the private key via a modified supply voltage for the microprocessor, related to a "fault-based attack."

CVE-2007-6207

Xen 3.x, possibly before 3.1.2, when running on IA64 systems, does not check the RID value for mov_to_rr, which allows a VTi domain to read memory of other domains.

CVE-2006-1538

The Enova X-Wall ASIC encrypts with a key obtained via Microwire from a serial EEPROM that stores the key in cleartext, which allows local users with physical access to obtain the key by reading and duplicating an EEPROM that is located on a hardware token, or by sniffing the Microwire bus.

CVE-2006-0401

Unspecified vulnerability in Mac OS X before 10.4.6, when running on an Intel-based computer, allows attackers with physical access to bypass the firmware password and log on in Single User Mode via unspecified vectors.

CVE-2000-0427

The Aladdin Knowledge Systems eToken device allows attackers with physical access to the device to obtain sensitive information without knowing the PIN of the owner by resetting the PIN in the EEPROM.

CVE-1999-1476

A bug in Intel Pentium processor (MMX and Overdrive) allows local users to cause a denial of service (hang) in Intel-based operating systems such as Windows NT and Windows 95, via an invalid instruction, aka the "Invalid Operand with Locked CMPXCHG8B Instruction" problem.